internet Protocol (IP) addresses are usually of two types:
Public and Private.
If you have ever wondered to know what is the difference between a
public and a private IP address, then you are at the right place.
In this post I will try to explain the difference between a public and a private IP address in layman’s terms so that it becomes simple and easy to understand.
What are Public IP Addresses?
A public IP address is assigned to every
computer that connects to the Internet where each IP is unique. In this
case, there cannot exist two computers with the same public IP address
all over the Internet. This addressing scheme makes it possible for
the computers to “find each other” online and exchange information. User
has no control over the IP address (public) that is assigned to the
computer. The public IP address is assigned to the computer by the
Internet Service Provider as soon as the computer is connected to the
Internet gateway.
A public IP address can be either static or dynamic.
A static public IP address does not change and is used primarily for
hosting web pages or services on the Internet. On the other hand, a
dynamic public IP address is chosen from a pool of available addresses
and changes each time one connects to the Internet.
Most Internet users will only have a
dynamic IP assigned to their computer which goes off when the computer
is disconnected from the Internet. Thus when it is re-connected it gets a
new IP.
You can check your public IP address by visiting
www.whatismyip.com
What are Private IP Addresses?
An IP address is considered private if
the IP number falls within one of the IP address ranges reserved for
private networks such as a Local Area Network (LAN). The Internet
Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three
blocks of the IP address space for private networks (local networks):
10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 (Total Addresses: 16,777,216)
172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 (Total Addresses: 1,048,576)
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255 (Total Addresses: 65,536)
Private
IP addresses are used for numbering the computers in a private network
including home, school and business LANs in airports and hotels which
makes it possible for the computers in the network to communicate with
each other.
Say for example, if a network X consists of 10 computers, each of them can be given an IP starting from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.10. Unlike
the public IP, the administrator of the private network is free to
assign an IP address of his own choice (provided the IP number falls in
the private IP address range as mentioned above).
Devices
with private IP addresses cannot connect directly to the Internet.
Likewise, computers outside the local network cannot connect directly to
a device with a private IP. It is possible to interconnect two private
networks with the help of a router or a similar device that supports Network Address Translation.
If the
private network is connected to the Internet (through an Internet
connection via ISP), then each computer will have a private IP as well
as a public IP. Private IP is used for communication within the network
where as the public IP is used for communication over the Internet. Most
Internet users with a DSL/ADSL connection will have both a private as
well as a public IP.
You can know your private IP by typing ipconfig command in the command prompt. The number that you see against “IPV4 Address:” is your private IP which in most cases will be 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.1.2. Unlike the public IP, private IP addresses are always static in nature.
Common Myth about Private IP Address:
Most
people assume that a private IP is the one used for stealth Internet
activities and hence cannot be detected. But this is NOT TRUE!.
Unlike what most people think, a private
IP address (unlike the private telephone number) is just like any other
IP address that belongs to a private network. In reality, there is no
public IP address that is impossible to trace as the protocol itself is
designed for transparency.
.png)
.png)
.png)
